Indiana Jones, Granfalloons, and Finding Ways to be Good

As a young child, I dreamed of being an archaeologist à la Indiana Jones. When I was a little bit older, I found out that archaeologists spent most of their time writing grants and begging for money, and my dream of spending my life in secret caves floored with the crunchy, fortune cookie consistency of millions of crawling insects, my path lit by a torch made out of a human femur and my goal some forgotten idol that belongs in a museum, crumbled a little bit. Unfortunately (?), my life has again led me to a job that is entirely dependent upon the kindness of strangers. I don't like begging for money, but donations are essential to the survival of non-profits and non-governmental organizations like WAFF.

I know how hard it has been this year with our tanking economy. I had hoped that out of this experience, the American people as a whole (if not the global population) could begin to rethink the way they spend their money and to look beyond themselves to see the broader scope of shared humanity and experience, if that makes sense. That we are not alone or simple individuals in little predefined groups (Bokononists call these granfalloons), but that there is a whole world full of people that are a distinct part of who we are and how we live. That buying a brand new car or a pair of shoes or the next generation video game is not as important as being with and caring for others. I think, to some extent, that this has happened. The story I recently read about the stampede at Walmart that killed a temporary worker, however, illustrates that we're not there yet. That it will take longer to heal our need for new things, for possession. Consumerism is certainly something that I struggle with everyday, as I covet this or that, as I see how attached I am to my things. All the same, I have to say that one of the best and most thoughtful gifts I was ever given for Christmas was from my good friend Nickole, who donated money in my name to the Save Darfur Coalition.

All that I ask is that this holiday season, or as birthdays roll around, is that you remember that we are all in this together, that we are all a part of the same living, breathing thing. I've long maintained that if everyone made a sacrifice, even a small one, in their own lives, then the world would be a better place--take shorter showers, give $5 a month to the cause of your choice, buy a bus or subway pass for the person behind you, smile at someone, anything. You don't have to be a liberal or a conservative, a Democrat or a Republican or an Independent, a communist or a capitalist, to do this. Anyone can, and almost every philosophy, or political belief, or religion, or whatever system you adhere to, advocates some form of philanthropy or sacrifice or aid to others, whatever you wish to call it.

I'm not asking you to donate to my cause, the West Africa Fistula Foundation. I won't be disappointed if those few of you reading this blog decide that you'd rather spend your money elsewhere. I'm just suggesting that, as the holidays approach, you think about donating money to a non-profit or an NGO as gifts for family and friends. If you want to donate to WAFF, you can follow the instructions on the site here (no pressure, I promise). If you have another organization you'd rather give to, please do so. If this doesn't sound like your bag, then keep doing your holidays as you've always done them. We're all here, thrown together, in this incredibly messy and complicated place, and it's not always pretty or happy or encouraging. But it only takes a little bit, the simplest acts of kindess or selflessness--things that are so small that they seem insignificant--that change everything, that affect everyone. So, take a chance on one of these small acts, and no matter how or where or when you choose to do it, you'll have done something good for all of us.

From Slow Slow to Fever Pitch

This might seem a little silly, but as we were narrowly avoiding the tenth pedestrian who stepped out a little bit too close to the car, bouncing through bad stretches on the road, and trying to keep all of the boxes stacked in the car inside the car and not falling out the windows, I thought of a Disneyland ride based on a typical jaunt through Bo. It starts off innocently enough--you have to clamber into a very tall van while managing about 5 bags, then somehow get your seatbelt on. The car is chock full of people--the nurses, a laundry assistant or two, several neighbors who need a ride to the lorry park--and boxes of medical supplies, which seem to move in a neverending stream from one place to another. The boxes, in fact, look as if they've all been kicked to death, catheters poking out the cracks, disposable gowns about to float out of the ripped top, a bottom or two collapsing its contents all over the floor. Then, we're suddenly climbing up an alarmingly steep hill, wheels spinning madly for traction, stones sending us all flailing. Sharp turns, sudden drops, quick whiplashing stops. Children dart out on the road on the way to school, women carrying baskets wobble a bit towards us, men with no apparent regard for their own safety walk in twos and threes on the narrowest stretches of road, holding hands. It is a ride of constant stress--aren't we coming up a bit fast on that parked truck? Is that baby going to fall off the motorcycle? Why isn't that dog moving?--and quick intakes of breath at the close shaves. Then, all of sudden, we're facing a World AIDS Day parade, coming straight down on us--Get us OUT of here!--and a truck whips around us at the last minute, just before we're about to make our move. We're careening down the street, and it feels like we're going to go up on two wheels at the next curve, and then four motorcycles almost all run into each other in front of us and we brake hard, that feeling of helplessness as I continue to press down on the floor with my right foot, where the brake would be if I were driving. Christmas-themed music blasts out of shops, open trenches leer at the car as if daring us to slip up and get caught in them, police traffic controllers arbitrarily tell us to stop and go (I have seen one stop light my entire time in Sierra Leone, and it was in Freetown). It's a daily adventure getting to work, a series of near-misses and close calls. Everyone seems to have been trained from an early age that pedestrians are supposed to jump backwards when they hear a car horn (I tend to look up, which only further roots me to the spot), and that there is no minimum clearance requirement--as long as no cars are touching, it's all good. Everyone drives and everyone walks like this: courteous behavior is only shown to old women leaving the market and children going to school, and it's beyond dog-eat-dog. Fortunately, the system seems to work for us, for the present, anyway, and maybe our close calls aren't as bad as they seem to me.

Things here have two settings: slow-slow and fever pitch. Slow-slow is what happens when things are inefficient, or a meeting gets postponed again, or when someone is explaining why we don't have something we were supposed to have two weeks ago. Fever pitch is when we're driving, moving heavy things, or just before our Texas surgeon, Dr. Maggi, comes. His visits tend to get everyone into a tizzy of activity, which is of course part of his visit. The rest is for him to complete as many surgeries as he can, and to do them all safely and skillfully (watching Dr. Maggi operate is amazing. I can't explain how nuts it is to watch him essentially make a bladder out of a hole with jagged edges of scar tissue). So, we're about to reach critical fever pitch, since Dr. Maggi arrives tomorrow and beyond his visit, there's the impending return of Helen, our volunteer coordinator and director of program development, with a whole team of volunteers in early January.

Not that we haven't been working hard before, but in anticipation of the transition to volunteer programming, things are starting to speed up. I can't believe it's December, even, though I guess without fire season, mudslides, and Santa Ana winds, it never really feels like winter. Even in New York, when I kicked myself for 4 months for having decided to go to school on the east coast, it wasn't the same. But here, it's just been getting progressively drier and hazier, before the Harmattans set in and bring the real dust from the Sahara and before what I hear are cooler December and January months, cool enough to grow healthy carrots and large tomatoes in the North, or maybe even here. We'll be experimenting when the volunteers come with tomatoes and carrots in our volunteer/patient cooperative garden, so I'll be able to see how much truth there is in that. All I know is that for now, the thunder rattles farther and farther off, the lightning continues to flash, but the rain never comes. Or it comes in little spurts that sound like someone has thrown a bucket of water on one part of the roof. And that I'll be in Freetown tomorrow, and then the December sprint begins in earnest.

Being Thankful

Thanksgiving is hard to explain here because the notion of "thanksgiving" already exists as a mostly Christian event that typically raises money (I think for the church hosting the event--haven't quite figured it out). For example, I was invited to a Mother's Day Thanksgiving this coming Sunday at the New Harvest Ministries, and the invitation is an envelope--so you know right off the bat that this is all about the collection plate. The parade and "Medical Sunday" I wrote about in October was also a Medical Thanksgiving. This makes describing American Thanksgiving a little more difficult. As I told my friend Lisa last night, Halloween was easier to explain because it was an entirely new concept. Plus it's easy to convey in pictures, unlike Thanksgiving, which is a typically American display of overindulgence (in the best way possible, of course) coupled with awkward family moments. Yes, it is also a nice time to have the family all together and to remind oneself to be thankful for what one has. None of this comes out well in pictures.

So, when I say that today is Thanksgiving to the nurses and administrators, it doesn't really come across. Maybe partially because I'm in a country that survived the bad end of colonialism, while American Thanksgiving is a celebration of the arrival of the very kind of people that brought colonialism in the first place. It's sort of weird to explain the history behind it, and it always reminds me that America is in fact a settler colony. The difference between the success of these Anglo-Saxons (and other foreigners, of course) and those that were in, say, Rhodesia/Zimbabwe or South Africa or those French in Algeria is that our forefathers managed to kill off such a large portion of the indigenous population that resistance was easier to quell. That's the simplified version, anyway. And again, sorry to be an obnoxious historian on Thanksgiving--as a foodie, I love the holiday, as a historian, I feel the need to bring this stuff up. I apologize.

But here are a few things that I am thankful for:

--The patients on the ward and the ones that have gone home. They are my emotional stability and the reason that I can get through the frustrating moments. I was looking at pictures of the women who have gone home (I even dreamed that one of them had come back last night), and it made me so happy to think of them getting back to their lives but still sad that I wouldn't see many of them again.
--Gmail. Although it's always dumping me, there is no better way to bother people at work and bombard them with questions about their lives. I do not think I'd have made it this far without it, and the idea of trying to do this without internet or computers is daunting--Thanks, digital age.
--Rat traps and bug spray. Not a lot of explanation needed, though I did try to kill the world's largest cockroach last night and missed, which was not ideal. There was also a wasp the size of my thumb in the kitchen--jet black with an orange warning circle on its butt--but I was too much of a wuss and had to have our caretaker, Amara, kill it.
--Really good fruit and pretty decent bread. You have never tasted a banana until you've gotten away from those nasty American one-variety tasteless ones and tried the fat little yellow ones, the red spicy ones, etc, etc, etc. The papaya here? Amazing. I am so excited for mango season, I don't know how I'm going to make it to March, when the first ones are ready. The handmade Fula bread is pretty nice, especially toasted in the oven.
--My friends and family back in the US and around the world. Some of you have been better than others at keeping in touch, but I love and miss all of you and can't wait to see you all again.
--Being here. Yeah, it's cheesy, but I feel so lucky to be in Bo doing what I'm doing. I love it here. Again, all I have to do is to walk down to the ward and see all the patients sitting together laughing at the television, or remember driving through villages with our speakers blasting outreach advertisements while women scramble to write down our number with their fingers in the dirt, or dream about the plans for a ward garden that will be started in January, and that's enough for me--it beats getting stared at all the time, or being seen as another foreigner with endless amounts of cash, or having my head bang against the car window as we navigate a bad road.

I know it's been a tough year economically, which always dampens the holidays, but I hope all of you (Americans at least) are having a good day with family and friends and that you take time to think about what you're really thankful for. I won't get into one of those self-righteous "be-thankful-for-what-you-have" rants, no worries.

Oh, and to end, I have to put two very nice opinion pieces in the New York Times about Thanksgiving history and food. Two of my greatest loves.

Sutures

In my inventorying duties, I sorted thousands of surgical sutures (the needle and thread that you use to sew up a patient) into grey plastic bins by a tiny number at the top of each packet. These were homeless sutures that had been taken out of boxes or that had fallen out or that were rescued from boxes that were falling apart. At best, a tedious enterprise. I spread them out over the living room floor in a carefully-constructed system so that each bins of sutures of the same type (silk, prolene, chromic catgut--my favorite) were touching and unlike sutures were not. This task satisfied my compulsive list-making sickness but reaffirmed that I have a difficult time with small repetitive tasks. We finally got them over to the office today, a somewhat anxious procedure for me as we had to put the topless bins in the car to be jostled around on the bad roads. Fortunately they all made it, and they were counted and stacked into neat rows and inventoried. Actual "packing" into the storeroom is pending, but I am triumphant as I write that, barring earthquake or civil unrest (both pretty unlikely), we have won the suture war. My war against the insects, however, is not going well ever since our détente failed in early November. One step at a time.

Catching Up

Wow, it's been a long time since I've posted. Since Barack Obama won the election, I've been out on a mini-vacation to the Banana Islands off the Freetown area coast, attended countless meetings, ridden government buses for a total of 18 hours, and attempted to make cookies, which came out weirdly cakey from the powdered milk and margarine and blackened on the bottom from the intense heat of the oven, which does not go much below 400 Degrees Fahrenheit. Not sure what you're supposed to cook in there, though it makes great toast.

We've now sent off twelve patients and gotten I think 10 more from various outreach programs. We sent nurses out to the rural areas, and they recruited patients through advertising on the radio and driving around in the car with a megaphone blasting, as well as collaborating with our outreach coordinators and various friends in the public health/medical sector in different regions. Some patients were sent solo and picked up at the lorry park, others came with nurses, and some are staying home until after the holidays and the local chieftancy elections. Which is good because it means that these women are voting and are passionate enough about voting to put off their medical problems.

Banana Island was a strange, almost eerily sleepy place. The trees were imposing but beautiful, old buttressed cotton trees that shaded the beaches. We had to cross through the jungle to get to the best beach (Big Sand Beach). I saw vines crisscrossing up trunks and choking the trees, so incorporated into their hosts that I couldn't tell where one plant ended and the other began. Tiny flowers peeked out from the dark soil, and termites demonstrated their presence in jutting mounds and in the fallen branches on the ground that had been eaten from the inside out, so that they were left as sawdust in the shape of branches. The water was warm but cool enough to stay in for hours, the high salt of the water making it easy to lie, toes pointing upwards, and float on the waves. I managed to borrow a pair of goggles for a few minutes and watched subtly beautiful fish--small but bright, or large but only colorful when they caught the light the right way. The tideline detrius was not what one typically sees at the beach--shells, kelp, bits of styrofoam and sea glass. Rather, it was jungle castoffs from the trees threatening to overtake the water--vivid green praying mantises, small red bugs with huge antennae, leaves in various states of decay, and strange seed pods and plant buds plucked off by wind and driven into the water. We ate fresh fish grilled for us on charcoal fires and lobsters caught in traps and stored, live, until dinner. We swam at night, using the moon and the bonfire lit for us to keep our bearings and slept all day on the beach between swimming and volleyball (I didn't play--not a great game for we shorter ones). Like many things here, it had that element of decay or of recovery that I've sensed in parades and ramshackle buildings and the little kerosene lamps lit for nightmarkets. I also traveled out to the village of Charlotte outside of Freetown before heading to Banana, and it was much the same--old, mossy walls, rusting zinc-walled Krio houses, a shaded garden of found objects, plants potted in old shampoo bottles and benches made of car scrap metal. Children fishing with string and a bent nail. There was also a waterfall.

The new patients are quiet but already seem to have integrated into the "family"--they're getting their hair braided, carrying water (still no water at the hospital and the Bowser water trucks can't come today because the dam has some problems that has prevented them from being filled), watching soap operas. We're trying out best to fatten them up for surgery. We also have a new baby on the ward, who is going to be named Julia, I am told. I find this completely terrifying--there is something very scary in having a little life named after you, especially when you did nothing to merit it. The baby is huge, her head still deformed a bit from the natural birth, but the labor was quick, I'm told.

The calm or feeling of commonplace-ness that surrounds these births is also so new to me. The mother started feeling pains at 7pm, waited until midnight to tell the nurse, who waited until 4AM to tell the doctor that she was ready to deliver. It was treated like no big deal, and the mother was up and walking around just a few hours later and was out carrying water today. Women routinely do hard manual labor in their later terms, walking long distances with heavy loads for the market or fetching water. I know this is all healthy and fine, but it's so funny compared with the lack of this commonplace-ness in the US, which is partly because you don't see as many pregnant women or hear about as many births. I've been around more pregnant women in the past couple of months than I have in my entire life, though I guess it's cheating a bit since I'm in a hospital. All the same, I see tons of pregnant women walking around on the street just on my drive to and from the hospital. I once tried to compare the number of pregnant women I see everyday to the number of men I see urinating in public, but it was too hard to count because there was one or the other or both at every turn.

So, things are changing and progress is being made. My own activities have been relatively uninteresting--inventorying, writing documents, signing things, etc--but I feel like we're getting there, or getting somewhere. Sorry for the long delay between posts--I'm hoping the internet at the hospital continues to hold out, because otherwise it's hard to stay up-to-date.

Staying Out of the Hammock

I feel so far away from the U.S. here that I can't accept the election is today and that in a few hours, the polls will open. There is constant talk about the election--everyone has asked me whether I'm voting for Obama or McCain--and the radio has been buzzing with it, especially the BBC, which has termed it "the U.S. election--the vote that effects your world." It's amazing and a bit embarrassing that people here know more about the election than I do and actually listen to the campaign speeches. It really shows how prominent the U.S. is globally and how important this vote is, not just for we Americans, but for everyone. It actually makes me a little sad that I'm not home to witness this, "the most watched election in history," though I'm so apathetic at this point (heartbroken would be more like it) that probably I'd be even more removed than I am now if I were back in Ojai. I was listening to the BBC's special "Black in America" series this morning. The segment was on Morehouse and there was a discussion about MLK. I was shocked upon remembering how recently the entire nation was essentially at war over civil rights. A couple of days ago, thinking about the psychic damage that civil war inflicts on a nation and the differences and rivalries that still exist between North and South, and realized the American Civil War wasn't that long ago either. In Senegal I sadly corrected friends of mine who said that they wanted to go to America rather than France because there was no racism there--that we'd solved that issue with the civil rights movement.

Race in Sierra Leone is a strange thing. There are definite colonial throwbacks, where white people working for the NGOs have instituted behaviors and have expectations of treatment that I find extremely uncomfortable. Being given more food during parties and gatherings is one example. I've been called "a real African lady" because I do some of my own laundry, occasionally eat local food, (very) rarely wear African clothes, and carry things around, like shopping bags, chairs, and other items, both heavy and light. I'm not tooting my own horn here for being such a good person that I carry my own bags; what I'm trying to say is that the expectations of what expats/white people are capable or willing of doing is very low because many of those pumoi (the Mende word for foreigner) don't do anything for themselves. It's actually a little frustrating at times to have everyone on the staff smile at me encouragingly because I was able to figure out cooking okra all on my own. This frustration comes out of embarrassment that the people who come here to work for NGOs allow others to do the things they should be doing for themselves. I'm not saying everyone who comes here to volunteer should do all their own laundry (I'm certainly not capable of washing my own sheets by hand), but I think that there is a fine line between seeking out help when you need it and becoming a neocolonialist. The image (that I've already evoked) of French colonial administrators getting carried around in hammocks on their tours through "the bush," while lines of forced porters carry their clothes, phonographs, pernod, carpets, and tents behind them, never leaves me.

Furthermore, I've had confusing conversations with a few merchants of Lebanese origin (most of them were born in SL but don't have citizenship--a sticky subject). They consider themselves Africans but hold themselves apart, generally speaking, and there's a continual "us and them" mentality, even for the black Sierra Leoneans that have worked for them for years. One Lebanese diamond merchant said that the reason why Sierra Leone was "backwards" (his words, not mine) was because they kept their "superstitious" beliefs. Another Lebanese shopkeeper said that "they" can't be trusted because his workers steal from the shelves. In both cases, I didn't know what to say. There's also some tension in this of class/economics, since the Lebanese community has a fair amount of influence, despite its lack of citizenship (and vote, I think--I keep hearing different things) and has cornered the diamond market. Most of the merchants we buy bulk food from are Lebanese, and every "supermarket" has a Lebanese son behind the register.

I think about all of this often but don't have much concretely figured out. What I've written here feels clumsy. Race and racism is complicated here, as it is anywhere. The system is always different and is always subject to the history of the place. Racism in France is different from racism in the U.S. is different from racism in Sierra Leone. I try to be aware of my behavior, speech, and expectations, so that I don't end up in that "us and them" mentality that is so easy to accept, especially as a foreigner as well as being of a different race. And I continue to seek out what the different communities think of each other here. And, I keep washing my own underwear by hand because that, I can do on my own.

Cooking Okra in Bo and Other Stories

The Bo market is a hectic and anarchic experience, one that pulls you from the street clogged with motorbikes behind tall storefronts through small dark passageways full of people hawking Chinese-made shoes, cloth, rotten bananas, Irish potatoes, onions, and strange, simply designed boxes of pills that promise to cure colds. Then the chaos really starts on the narrow paths between zinc roofed wooden stalls, coated with a thin mud greyed with fallen produce, sewage, and other unknowns. The paths are chock full of children with baskets of broad brown beans, women with buckets of cassava leaves on their heads, shoppers with heavy loads of food for the lunch time meal, and then me, standing out in my clothes and my skin (I was recently jokingly asked if I would stay overnight at the nurses’ house so that I could light up their electricity-less living room) and stooping underneath baskets and basins on heads and contorting my body around women’s curves as they lean over piles of okra and tomatoes, stacks of dried, twisted smoked fish and bowls full of every type of rice imaginable. Each part of the market offers different fare, with one area dedicated to citrus, another to greens, one to clothes that were obviously donated from the US, and a section across the road for bush meat—large bush pigs, tiny deer-like creatures, monkeys of various sizes and species. Loudspeakers blast loops of “TWO THOUSAND TWO THOUSAND TWO THOUSAND”—prices for the various goods on sale. Men with large cartloads of rice yell their way through the crowd, pushing people out of the way with their voices. No one wants to play chicken with the sheer weight of the carts and the force of the men muscled like Michelangelo statues pushing them. Women offer me palm oil—“buy dis fine pahlm ohl, ma”—as a joke, knowing I won’t buy, and when I did make a purchase of cassava leaves—a bunch as thick as my forearms together for 200 Leones, or about 6 cents, everyone wondered at me and asked me, incredulously, “You eat cassava leaf?”

The food here is not that dissimilar from Senegalese food and what I gather most people eat across West Africa—lots of fish, always rice, and a stewlike concoction made with copious amounts of oil. My favorite so far is okra stew over rice, a slimy sauce made with chopped okra, smoked and fresh fish, and those broad brown beans slathered in bright red palm oil and lots of hot pepper (which is called “peh-peh,” like Pepe le Pew). There’s also cassava leaf, potato leaf, and crain crain stew, the anonymous “stew,” pepper stew made with goat meat (a Nigerian delicacy as well), and others I don’t know yet. They all taste the same to me. Also foofoo—cassava pounded into a paste, gari—flaked cassava powder, and sweet potatoes, coco yams, bush yams—they look like alien eggs, and other tubers.

Rice can be imported and nutrient-deprived white or rich brown, fat grains called “country rice.” After the economic crises of the 1980s and intervention by the IMF and World Bank, who advocated the subsidization of imported rice, local rice culture declined, worsened by prohibitively expensive plowing machinery and the destruction of cattle herds by rebels during the war. Now, only old farmers know how to grow rice. I’ve come to the conclusion that a program that preserves these rice culture techniques and introduces oxen-pulled plowing would be incredibly beneficial for both farmers’ livelihoods and nutritional standards here, since white rice is stripped of most of the good stuff. The malnourished kids I’ve seen out at the Doctors Without Borders Facility—stick arms, red tufted hair, and big swollen bellies—got enough food to keep them alive but not enough to keep them living, if that makes sense. Starchy cassava (or yucca in the Spanish speaking areas of the world) and sweet potatoes can grow year-round here, and they can sustain, but not reinforce, until the next rainy season.

I eat some traditional food, though this is curtailed by the fact that I cook for myself and have no idea where to begin. I generally eat pasta gloop (Helen’s creation—pasta with tuna on top, and I add fresh tomatoes, onion, garlic), salad with whatever overly-inflated vegetables are available, canned hummus spruced up with raw garlic and cumin and cucumbers (I was greatly encouraged by the post on hummus at stuffwhitepeoplelike.com), and lots of beans. I’ve attempted my version of soul food with African ingredients--an idea of which I was particularly proud--okra stewed in tomato sauce and cassava leaf fashioned as collard greens, but both were heartily rejected by the Sierra Leoneans I work with as too hard to chew, lacking spice, or downright nasty. I found avocados (called pears) once and I eat as much fruit as I can stand—green oranges and grapefruits full of seeds but sweeter than many American (though certainly not Ojai) varieties; various kinds of bananas that make one view American bananas as terrible tasteless blobs that are infinitely easier to transport but not in any way worth avoiding the bruises; “plums,” which look like mangoes but are sour and a little spicy; pawpaw—nothing like that slightly vomit-y tasting papaya you get at home—but sweet and soft, a bit like melon. I’m looking forward to mango and pineapple season.

I will admit that I’ve had a can or two of “luncheon meat,” made less worrying by its guaranteed Halal status but not less disgusting, theoretically (it’s delicious chopped thin and fried like bacon). Eggs are a staple—they’re 15 cents each, raw or already boiled for you--as are groundnuts—boiled, ground into a paste, or roasted in hot sand. I had a sandwich today made with balls of ground up chicken--50 cents. When John, our Logistician, came in holding one, I saw it and said I wanted one too. He ran off after the woman who sells them, calling “Hey, Mama Chickie Ball! Mama Chickie Ball!” All of us in the office collapsed into laughter. I buy a lot of Fula bread, handmade baguette-like loaves baked by the Fula people, which the drivers find infinitely funny for some reason. Breakfast is bulgur, corn flakes (the cheap knockoff ones), fruit salad. When I’m feeling in need of comfort, I go for a bag of peanut M&Ms or a Mars bar from the Lebanese supermarket. I’ve recently cut back on the cookies—I originally thought it was necessary to sample all the different kinds but have since reconsidered that my health might be more important. I make a lot of popcorn in a big metal pot—so much better than the microwave stuff and a lot better for you—and add cinnamon and sugar or salt and hot pepper. Lipton Yellow Label tea is the main staple of my day, made with powdered milk that I hope isn’t imported from China. Occasionally I’ll pick up a Coke Light imported from Morocco and emblazoned with whatever the equivalent of “Coca Cola” is in Arabic. Most of the canned foods I get are imported from random places—Germany, the UK, Lebanon, the US, Brazil, United Arab Emirates. World Soup.

Going out to dinner is an unvarying menu of the same “European” dishes—hamburgers, shwarma, chicken and chips, chicken and rice, fish and chips, fish and rice, spaghetti, and kebabs, with a Fanta, Sprite, or a Star beer—the local beer made with sorghum. I’ve not tried palm wine yet, but I’m as fascinated as I am afraid. Which might define most of my food experiences here—even the canned beans are a mystery to me—and as long as I try to ignore the storage and handling of the food (did the rats crawling over the cans have Lhasa fever? Did the guy grinding the peanut paste wash his hands? How old is that fish?), everything’s fine, and I haven’t had a bad night of food poisoning…yet. It’s exciting to lean over a dish of food or open up a bag and have no idea what it’s going to taste like or whether I’m going to cook it correctly. It’s a bit like squeezing my way through the market—I have no idea what’s around the corner, or even what’s right in front of my nose.